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River sands of Ranchi plateau consists quartz, quartzite, feldspar, mica, coals, etc. by Dr. Nitish Priyadarshi Sand grains of Ranchi river showing rock particles and other minerals. Sand has become a very important mineral for the expansion of society. Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. River sand is one of the world’s most plentiful resources (perhaps as much as 20% of the Earth’s crust is sand) and has the ability to replenish itself. River sand is vital for human well being & for sustenance of rivers. Rivers are hydraulically complicated and can vary greatly in source materials. Therefore, nearly all river sands show a broad spectrum of textures within the same deposit. Sand deposits of the rivers are accumulations of rock fragments and mineral grains, which have been derived from the weathering and erosion of hard rocks by glacial and river action. Water action is an effective mechanism for wearing away weak...

The relationship between elevated sodium intake and hypertension has been subject of scientific controversy. by Dr. Nitish Priyadarshi Sodium salts are found in virtually all food (the main source of daily exposures) and drinking water. Sodium levels in the latter are typically less than 20mg/l (milligram per litre) but can markedly exceed this in some countries. In some parts of Jharkhand state of India the concentration of sodium is more than 100 parts per million. Sodium ion is soluble in water, and is thus present in great quantities in the Earth's oceans and other stagnant bodies of water. In these bodies it is mostly counterbalanced by the chloride ion, causing evaporated ocean water solids to consist mostly of sodium chloride, or common table salt. Sodium ion is also a component of many minerals. Although it is generally agreed that sodium is essential to human life, there is no agreement on the minimum daily requirement. However, it has been estimated that a total daily int...